Cómo aplicar el enfoque colectivo en NVivo paso a paso (Full Transcript)

[00:00:00] Speaker 1: So, how do you do the collective approach? You pass through the same process. So, this is a collective approach one. You do something at the beginning where you upload all the transcripts. If you have demographic information, you can do that. You can upload that information, too. Make sure that if you want to do framework metrics later, make sure that you create, that you select the first one, select the last one by clicking on shift, right click on it and go to create as cases. You create case for each participant. It will be useful if you want to create framework metrics. And then you click on okay. Let's see. It looks like I've already done that. I have cases for each of the participants here. So, now, for the collective method, think about it like you are doing thematic analysis, where you double click on each of the transcripts, go through each of them, identify information that are significant, and then develop themes. Before you even do that, you also have to do the annotation, similar to the first individualized one that we did. So, this means that you read and reread and take notes. And then, so, how do you take notes? You select and right click here and go to new annotation. And you'll be able to put your note here based on your understanding of the significant information you have identified. You don't have to do for all the significant information, but see notations as your interpretation of the information that you are extracting. After that, then you move on to the next stage, which is the developing of themes, right? We call it emerging themes. You first do it for P1, right? And then you go ahead and develop the themes. You select information that is significant and drop it into the themes. When you finish with this one, you go to P2, you double click on it, and then you do the annotation again by read and reread and taking notes, right? You select and right click on it and go to select what is significant, right? Click on it and go to new annotation and then create annotation, right? And then after that, you can go to codes here and also select information that is significant and create containers or emerging themes and drag and drop it into that. The principle here is you create a new container or a new theme if the existing theme cannot house the information you have selected. So, let's say if I identify this one and then I already have information here that I can drop it into, I don't have to create a new code or a new theme, right? You just drag and drop. But if there's no information here that can house this information, then I can right click on the research question and then what you do is you go to codes to create a code and drag and drop that information in there. So, if you want to understand this process well, first look at my video about individualized so that you know the difference and you know the similarities, right? And then what you have to do is that after going through all the transcript and developing emerging themes as I have here, the next step is to sort. Sorting, right? The same way that you do for thematic analysis. So, the sorting is all about where you can right click here and then click on new code and then you can say ST1. We can put it in parentheses, right? ST1. And then you check aggregate coding from children and click on okay. You can do ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5. You can do as much as you want, but maybe start with five for now. And then you drag and drop, you group them based on similarities, the same way that you do for thematic analysis. At the end of the day, let me show you what you will get for the collective. So, let me see. So, when you go to codes and click on the plus sign here, this is for all of my research question one, which is how they make meaning of the experience. You see the superordinate theme here. I have one, two, three, four, five. And under that, I have emerging themes, right? Which is called initial themes. And then connected to this one, right? And sometimes you can even make this one MT. M stands for master theme, right? Don't worry about whether you're calling it superordinate themes or master theme. At the end of the day, it's the main themes, and these are the sub themes, right? And the main, we have five main themes, and you see how I've grouped them under the respective main themes or master themes, right? So, that's what you're going to do for the collective. The collective process is easy to do if you have a lot of transcripts to work on, but a limitation is that you may not have a complete understanding or profile for each of the participants in terms of your interpretation of the experience. So, let me give you an overview about the collective process. I uploaded all my transcripts into InVivo. I made sure that I created cases for them. You right click or select all of them and right click and create cases. And then I go through all of them. If you know how to do thematic analysis, the same, the similar process, right? I develop, in thematic analysis, we call it initial codes. Here, we call it emerging themes. I develop emerging themes, and as you can see here, emerging themes, right? One through all the data, but before I develop emerging themes, I have to go through and read and reread to understand each participant's story and take notes. And we use an annotation function to take notes. You select and right click and go to new annotation, and then you put your notes there. The notes are your understanding of what participant is telling you, right? It's not really your reflection per se, but understanding. It's not what is going through your mind. The reflection, you can use memo to do that. It's your interpretation. What is the underlying meaning of what participant is telling me? You start a coding process, go to codes, and then you select information that is significantly developed, initial theme or emerging theme, and drag and drop that into the container. At the end of the day, you have a lot of emerging themes. Now, you have to categorize them, and then you develop the main theme, or we call it subordinate themes, or you can call it master themes. So, I have my five master themes. This process is easy to do compared to the individualized strategy, but as I said, the limitation is that it's difficult to know the individual stories, but there's a way that you can do this to get more information about individual story. By going to explore and going to metrics coding query, and then you click on the plus sign, select the first one, check all the transcripts, click on okay, click on the plus sign again here, selected items, go to codes, and then click on a plus sign, check the main themes, click on okay, and then run query. It will give you a table that will show who is linked to what. This one will help you to know individual stories, right? So, participant one is not linked to agency and autonomy, but it's linked to the second one, third one, fourth one, fifth one. Participant two is linked to all of them. Participant three links to all of them. Participant four links to all of them except the last one. If you want to know the quotation, you see the participant three has four quotations connected to this. If you want to know the four quotations, you double click on this, right, and you see all the four quotations. If you want to know the source, where exactly, you click here, and it will take you to the document where exactly the quotations are. So, that's how you'll be able to know their story. You can also create framework metrics by going to create, click on framework metrics, and you can say themes for all participants, and then you go to roles, and you click here. Make sure that you create cases for each of the participants because if we don't do that, we cannot run this analysis. You click on okay, go to column, select, and then go to the plus sign here, select only the main theme or master themes. You click on okay, and then it will create a table for you that will have all the quotations and that each of the themes connected to each participant. You will right click on this place where it says teams for all participants and undo to bring out their table. So, you can see that I have let me bring the table here. So, this is the table that has brought out. You have to click on retrieve assets to retrieve all the quotations connected to each of the participants under each of the themes, and then within a few seconds, you'll have that information here, right, and then as you can see, let me pull this one back here a little bit. So, I can see that P1, there's nothing here. There's been no information was extracted and connected to this from P1, but all this information are here for each of the themes connected to P1. So, this one is also helping to tell the story about each participant based on the theme. You can also export it by right clicking here and going to export and it will be in a cell spreadsheet for you. So, this is what I have for you. If you have any questions, you can put in the comment section. I hope that this one was helpful. I know it's very long, but I just want you to get the basic understanding of using in vivo to help you to make sense of your data. If you are using IPA, make sure you subscribe to my channel. It goes a long way to help in making good videos for you and your colleagues. Thank you for your time.