Speaker 1: Communication is critical for our professional and our personal lives. I'm Matt Abrahams, and I'm a lecturer at Stanford Graduate School of Business, and the host of the GSB's Think Fast, Talk Smart, the podcast. I am so excited today to share with you five key takeaways from my class, Essentials of Strategic Communication. When it comes to our communication, many of us make a fundamental mistake. We start from the wrong place. We start by saying, this is what I want to say, rather than thinking about what our audience needs to hear. We need to do reconnaissance, reflection, and research to better understand our audience's knowledge level, their attitudes, their resistance points, along with their expectations and motivations. By taking the time to really think about our audience, we can make sure that our messages resonate and are more likely to be remembered and acted upon. Most communication needs to be goal-driven, especially strategic communication. To me, a goal has three parts, information, emotion, and action. In other words, what do you want your audience to know, how do you want them to feel, and what do you want them to do when you're done with your communication? Having a clear goal allows you to focus your message on the needs of your audience, and it allows you to judge the success of your communication after the fact. Have you recently been victimized by somebody who just rambles on and on? Doesn't feel so good, does it? We need to make sure that we structure our information so we make it easier for our audience to follow. In fact, our brains are wired for structured information. There are lots of structures and frameworks you can use to communicate. My favorite is three simple questions, what, so what, and now what? What is the information that you're conveying? It's your idea, it's your belief, it's your product, your service, your offering. So what is about the relevance for your audience? What's the value that your idea, product, service, or belief brings? And then finally, the now what? That's what comes next. Maybe you're taking questions, or showing a demonstration, or setting up another meeting. By leveraging structure, you not only help your audience process your information more fluently, but it helps you to think about your message in a more concise and clear way. Attention is the most precious commodity we have in the world today. We are constantly bombarded with information. If we are to achieve our communication goal and help our audience with the content we're giving, we must take the time to engage them. To me, engagement is just sustained attention. And there are three engagement techniques I'd like for you to consider using. The first is physical engagement, where you get your audience The first is physical engagement, where you get your audience actually doing something, responding to a poll, typing into the chat, collaborating on a whiteboard. The second is cognitive engagement, getting people answering questions or considering an analogy. And the third is linguistic. Using the word you or people's names draws them in. Using terms like picture this, or imagine, or think back to when are ways that you can get your audience to visualize what you're communicating. Using engagement techniques help enliven your communication, and they help your audience to engage and remember. Finally, even if we have the most audience-centric, goal-directed, structured, and engaging communication, we can fall flat if our presence isn't strong. Having an authentic, confident presence in your writing or speaking is critical to your communication success. If you're presenting, record yourself and watch. If you're writing, proofread what you've read, and certainly ask others for feedback to help you. Communication is critical to your success. Using these takeaways can help you improve your communication. We must take the time to dedicate to this improvement through repetition, reflection, and feedback. But doing so will help you get your points across. I never had a problem talking, so I don't think people who knew me would be surprised that I'm in a role where I'm doing a lot of speaking. But I thought I was going to be a doctor, and then I met calculus, and we didn't get along. And then I met chemistry, and we got along even worse. So I found communication as my passion. So I finally found the subject that started with a C that worked for me.