Speaker 1: In America, people are still shivering at the thought of the 2000's dot-com bubble. Technology and industry had changed. Then came the 2008's financial crisis, where hundreds of companies shut down and lakhs of people lost their jobs. But now, it's a child's play if you look at the 2025's tech storm. US tech stocks suffered a loss of $1 trillion in just one day. The tech king of America, Nvidia, lost $600 billion in just a matter of hours. No other company has suffered so much in the history of America. The valuation of Reliance Industries is estimated at $200 billion. The culprits are a small Chinese company and a group of new engineers who have released DeepSeek R1. A unique and efficient artificial intelligence model that has brought a new turn in the world of AI in just a matter of days. It has destroyed Silicon Valley's reputation. DeepSeek has become a problem not just for America, but for the entire world. China has become a world leader in science, technology and trade. 6th gen fighter, artificial sun prototype, $1 trillion trade surplus, reusable rocket, quantum computers... China is trying to outcompete the US in almost every aspect. As DeepSeek has shown, it has gone beyond the US in cutting-edge technology. America is trying to stop China by recognizing this threat. America is trying to keep its lead and stop China. But India? In India, no matter what China does, we remain silent. In the government assembly, in the media, in the drawing room, we remain silent. Chinese soldiers enter the Galwan, we remain silent. On our border, the world's largest dam is built, we remain silent. In 2024, we import $120 billion worth of goods, we remain silent. And now, we remain silent on this new AI revolution. On the other hand, Ashwani Vaishnav is tweeting about the Coldplay concert. He says, we organize such a great concert, what is the central minister's job? Fakiri does not stop here. In the ministerial assembly, where do you get time from mutton, muslim, masjid, mangal, sutra, fish? In IITs, there is a debate whether non-veg food should be allowed or not. IIT directors are trying to prove the benefits of cow urine. Yes, I will also bathe in cow urine. Just give me a guarantee that we will be able to defeat China in any way. Because the truth is that India has nowhere to go in this race between China and US technology war. China, which we used to mock for cheap and unreliable products, has now surpassed us. How did a restrictive, controlled communist government acquire such cutting-edge technology? And now, we are in danger that we will rise above politics and work for the benefit of the country. Especially, when economic crisis, unemployment and inflation are knocking at our door. Or, we will be happy to see that Abdul is still alive and well. And we will be happy to see that there are no seats for cricket match in Gaddafi Stadium in Pakistan. On 22nd January, China launches a product that shocks Silicon Valley's tech elite. It changes the rules of the global AI market. DeepSeek is a product of a small upcoming Chinese tech company. It is not even two years old. It is an AI model of DeepSeek. This AI model is far more advanced than OpenAI and Meta. But, this is just a trailer. DeepSeek's latest R1 model has been trained in a budget of just $5.6 million. It takes a lot of effort to train a model. Most analysts estimate that it is 100 times cheaper than US tech giants. DeepSeek's R1 model is free to use for regular users. So, adoption will be very fast. Premium plans of OpenAI and ChadGPT require a lot of money. Big token computing is also 30 times cheaper than DeepSeek's R1 model. Remember, this is the same China where the US has imposed a lot of restrictions on AI. But, here, a small Chinese company has used outdated chips to defeat US tech giants. It is not that they have copied cheap versions of OpenAI and Meta. They have reimagined AI. Let me explain in 2 minutes. Traditional AI uses 32 decimal places for accuracy. DeepSeek's AI uses only 8 decimal places for accuracy. Normal AI reads every word like a first grader. DeepSeek's AI tries to read the whole phrase at once. It is 90% accurate. But, when you process billions of words, it gives good results. Traditional model has 1.8 trillion parameters. DeepSeek's AI uses only 671 billion parameters. Only 37 billion parameters will be active at a time. Rest of the parameters can be summoned. The net result is that hardware requirements are reduced. You can run DeepSeek's AI on your gaming PC. It also saves a lot of power. And, you don't even need high-end chips. That's why NVIDIA's shares were sold. The biggest hit is that DeepSeek has been made open-source. Open-source means that China has not hidden the algorithm. DeepSeek is not a propaganda. You can run DeepSeek's AI on your gaming PC. People say that DeepSeek works better than big AI software. And, without expensive hardware or power requirement. The question is, where is India in this AI race? Have we already lost? Rajan Anand from Peak15 asked the same question to Sam Altman two years ago. Can India work on a foundational AI model at a low price?

Speaker 2: It is hopeless to compete with us on training foundation models. And it's your job to try anyway. I think it is pretty hopeless.

Speaker 1: Sam Altman is proud of his work. You don't even need expensive hardware. Sam Altman and OpenAI were the ones who were making money. But, Rajan was right. They were able to create a better foundational AI model in less than two years. The problem is, it didn't happen in India. It happened in China. Sadly, it did happen in China. Because, in 1987, the Indian government asked for a Cray XMP supercomputer for weather prediction. But, the Americans refused. India did not give up. The government set up a task force and developed the first supercomputer of its kind in India. The Center for Development of Advanced Computing, or CDAC. The US again twisted Russia's arm in 1993. They refused to give India cryogenic technology. But, ISRO needed it to launch heavy satellites for its GSLV project. Because, it is used in ICBM rockets and nuclear rockets. We did not give up. We developed cryogenic technology and launched our GSLV rocket. But, today, we have given up. We did not even try for foundational models. We did not even try for foundational models. The problem is, we are not talking about AI alone. Take space stations, reusable rockets, semiconductors, fighter aircrafts, new energy technology, quantum computing... There is a fierce battle going on between the US and China. Who will be the winner of 21st century? China is trying to outsmart India. India? India is busy with politics. India is busy with politics. In 1948, China became independent. In 1978, economy liberalized and a well-educated workforce and young population attracted foreign companies. The Chinese government invested in education infrastructure. In 1990, India and China's per capita income was almost equal. Now, China is 5 times richer than India. Today, China is the world's 2nd largest economy and has 30% of global manufacturing. China is 10 times ahead of India in total manufacturing. In 2012, Joe Biden said that China's communist system will never be able to innovate. The US had a belief that China will always be number one in terms of technology and innovation. But, in 2015, Xi launched Made in China 2025. In 2014, Modi launched Make in India to make India a global manufacturing hub. Let's see what China did in the last 10 years. China invested heavily in R&D. In 2023, China's R&D spent was $723 billion. This is almost 10 times more than US R&D spending. This was possible due to China's economic power. To weaken this economy, Trump imposed a $450 billion tariff on Chinese goods. Biden also tried to control China. In return, China diversified its trade. In the last 10 years, it doubled its trade with ASEAN countries. China invested $1 trillion in 150 countries to grow diplomatic and trade relations with global South. With this diversification, China was able to control the economy and invest in the tech race. The first aspect of the tech race was renewable energy. China understood that US would block oil shipment from the sea route. This would destroy the Chinese economy. So, they focused on green energy to make China self-reliant. China produces 80% of the world's solar cells. China produces solar modules at a cost of 15 cents per watt. Modi government has also focused on solar sector. But, China is much more cost-efficient in terms of production capacity. In 2024, 60% of global EV sales were in China. 11 million EVs were sold in China. 50% EV sales in total car sales in India. In 2020, US said it would not sell any semiconductor to Huawei. In 2022, Biden banned US-China computing chip export. By 2024, total computing chip ban was imposed. If US technology is used in any computing chip, it will not sell to Chinese companies. China has not yet built its own semiconductor manufacturing hub. But, Deep Seek found an opportunity. Deep Seek used old computers and imported chips to invent a new AI technology. Last month, China released Tianyan 504, one of the most powerful quantum computers in the world. In 2011, US banned China from sending astronauts to the International Space Station. In 2021, China launched its own space station. Three astronauts' permanent crew were also placed there. 21st Century Race to the Moon is also underway. China says it will send astronauts to the moon by 2030. US has also launched its Artemis program. Last year, a Chinese company called Landspace tested its reusable rockets. It also tested engine re-ignition and precise landing. Now, Chinese government is also funding it. SpaceX is also expected to compete with China in 2025. By the way, Musk is expected to compete with China. A few days ago, China's Shangguan Satellite Technology Company announced that... ...they have successfully obtained 100 GB data per second, satellite-to-ground transmission data transfer. This is the world's fastest transfer speed between space and earth. Musk's Starlink was 10 times faster. On 26th December, 2024, a 6th generation fighter was seen in the air for the first time. India is also waiting for its 4th generation. India has ordered 40 Tejas fighters from Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd in 2010. HAL says parts from US have not arrived. China has made its supply chain self-reliant. There are many other fields like hypersonic missiles, cyber warfare, drone technology. But, I will mention one last field where a world record was set a few weeks ago. Nuclear fusion, the process by which sun produces energy. All nuclear reactors are powered by nuclear fission. But, the problem is that it produces a lot of radioactive waste. Theoretically, it is possible to make fusion reactors. But, it is very difficult. On 30th December, 2024, a record was broken in China's East Reactor. Plasma confinement of more than 1000 seconds. Temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius. Temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius. This is a crucial step towards nuclear fusion technology. Mass energy can be produced on zero emission in a day. The country which has mastered this technology will become a world leader in the field of energy. China has announced a trillion dollar trade surplus. China has made a trillion dollar trade surplus. India has also made a trillion dollar trade surplus. We are going to be the third largest economy after US and China. But, we are lagging behind in the real race. We need to change our thinking. We don't have Google, OpenAI, or DeepSeek. But, we can use WhatsApp as a fast forward. We can say that Indians are ruling America. But, none of them are Indian citizens. The problem is not about money. People like Ambani and Infosys have started AI projects. It is not a big deal to invest 50-60 billion dollars for these companies. But, none of them had vision or risk-taking ability. There were some government schemes as well. But, we are lagging behind in the real race. We need to change our thinking. We have a lot of talent. But, it wants to work in America. And, we celebrate this brain drain. Meanwhile, China, Taiwan, Germany, and other countries... ...are trying to attract semiconductor scientists. China is trying to stop its talent from going to other countries. Chinese workers working in India's Foxconn factory... ...were told by the Chinese government to come back. They are also delaying important equipment. It is a simple game. No one is related to the international order. 80% of Made in China 2025 goals have been achieved. After this success, GE is focusing on Vision 2035. Making megacities and bringing AI technology to world standards. So, there is a clear vision for the next 10-20 years. There is an execution path. Another plan is being made based on the success of one plan. Modi government's Make in India has not achieved a single target. Industry growth was 12-14%. It is around 4%. 10 crore manufacturing jobs are being reduced. Consumption capacity, savings, credit history, GDP growth... ...have all been affected. But, we are still dreaming of a developed India 2047. We don't know what the plan is. China plus one policy was going to benefit us. It benefited Vietnam, Thailand, but not us. Why? What do we learn from China's growth story? We need to focus on our fundamentals. AI, fighter jets, space station, nuclear fission... ...are all good. But, we need to focus on education, healthcare, infrastructure. If we don't focus on primary schools... ...we will only dream of leadership. But, education has become a curse word. If you talk about progress, progression... ...you will be negative. We celebrate hooliganism. India's own data shows that... ...school enrollment in 2023-2024 has decreased by 1 crore. Ministry of Education says it has cleaned up the data. So, 1 crore has been reduced. It is up to you to decide. In 2024, the government has reduced... ...the budgetary allocation of universities... ...which provide education and research funding. So, how focused is the government on academics and research? The US-China race is heating up. In the coming 70 years... ...who will win? And, who is at fault here? Nehru or Babar? Politicians don't seem to care... ...about education. They just want us to keep digging. 500 years ago. If we are stuck in this... ...I can guarantee you that... ...in a few years, China will be 500 years ahead of us. And, we will keep digging. For more UN videos visit www.un.org