Speaker 1: Hi students, I am Dr. Badrina and we are studying the biostatistics and research methodologies for PharmaD students. In this video, we will see the sauce S A S, not this sauce, this is a Maggi sauce, rich tomato ketchup. Okay, this is Maggi company is a very popular this one anybody knows. And this sauce here you can see S C A S this is also very very popular among the engineering students the special six months package is available for the sauce program okay. So both are popular. So see the spilling this is the S C A U C E this is a tomato sauce. Here this is S A S statistical analytical system. S stands for statistical, A stands for analytical, S stands for system. Statistics instead of doing a statistics by using a pen paper hand standard table calculator and all nothing you simply learn the source you can enter the data all the parametric tests non-parametric tests all that is you can do only on the computer in the SAS statistical analytical system first point you have to write in the examination it is a statistical software these are the two points what you have to write in the examination this is the syllabus of your biostatistics and the research methodology as per the Pharmacy Council of India, PharmaD, fourth year, here you can see E. Introduction to Statistical Softwares, SPSS, I have already completed video, AP Info completed video, SAS, this is the today's topic, SAS. All these are the six months, six months, six months courses, SPSS six months, AP Info six months, SAS is also six months course, okay. But here need not to be learned entire because it takes a six months to learn the software. Only introduction in the syllabus they have given what is the software, what is the uses, what are the advantages, what will be there, which purpose it is using, like that. You can see the definition here. Sauce is a statistical software suit. How if you wear the suit, how you will feel comfort, very comfort, very look, elegancy. Just like a suit, it is also a software suit. Statistical software. Developed by the SAS Institute. Yes, Institute name is also SAS. Software name is also SAS. SAS Institute. For the, why this? For data management. You have a huge data in your computer. you have a huge data in your cell phone okay. Microsoft Excel, Word whatever it may be all the data you will get a complicated in your brain. So how to manage this data? So for this we are using data management, advanced analysis, share market huge data is there which share is good, which share is bad like that. Advancedly you can analyze which share will be give a high profit like that. Multivariate analysis, business intelligence. Nowadays all are using SBI, State Bank of India is also using a business intelligence. Artificial intelligence using in that business. Nobody, no head is taking decision now. Okay. They have artificial intelligent robot, that robot is taking a decision now in the State Bank of India in Amazon. Amazon Alexa, they are using the software name Alexa. Okay. Alexander, just like Alexander, if you open the Amazon, there it shows the mic Alexa. Multivariate business intelligence, criminal Criminal investigation, see that's why I made this diagram. Criminal investigation, huge data, what is the Aadhaar card, what is the thumb impression? See how much data will be there in the country in the criminal investigation. Thumb impressions, iris, facial recognition, all the data you can, and matching, matching. If I will give you one Aadhaar card, you have to compare with all Aadhaar cards throughout India and it gives the data like that, huge data, criminal investigation, predictive analysis. In the future, what happened like that you can predict. Okay. Software predictions is also available. Astro vision is one of the software. It predicts your future, like according to your Rashi and all. Yeah. Developers. It is developed by the SAS Institute. I have already told it is a name of the Institute. developed is also a source. Initial release 1976, even I also born in 1977, my birth, but here it is a 1971 year before itself source was developed before my birth. I am 43 years old, 44 and stable release. 9.4 is a current version, 9.4 M seven. It released in the August itself after Corona 2020. three months ago, just three months ago, basic language is the C language. See, you know, C, C plus, C plus plus, Java, various languages are there. In that, it uses the source using the C language. Operating system, Microsoft, Windows, IBM, mainframe, Unix, Linux, all these you have to write in the examination. Compulsory. Nothing is there to write. Only these slides only you have to write. Okay, type numerical analysis, number analysis, number game, license, proprietary website. This is the official website. This is the SAS Institute. You can see very beautiful and very elegant institution. It is also just like yes, structure SAS, okay. And it's official logo, official symbol of the SAS. SAS Institute is a American multinational developer of analytical softwares based in a Cary, North Carolina. SAS develops and markets a suit, okay? Like where suit, manage, analyze and report on data to aid in decision making. If you want to make a decision from the huge data, you can use the SAS. The company is the world largest privately held software. This is the mining. How you can see in the iron ore and all mining. This is the earth. On the earth they are go on digging to get a pure iron, iron minings. Like that, minings will be there. SAS is a software used to mine the data. See here, data is coming out. This is called as a data mining. You have a huge data in your computer. You have to dig the data and you have to extract the correct value. In such a case of data mining, that word very important, data mining, very, very important word for, okay? Having a data is not important. Getting the exact data from the having data, which is already stored in your computer is very important. Alter the data, manage the data, Retrieve the data, retrieve means recovery. See, the data is deleted from your computer. Even not it is in the dustbin, it is completely deleted. And you want to get the data. The same data you have to recover. That is called a retrieve. Retrieve is recovery. Okay, R-E, recovery, retrieve. From a variety of sources and perform the statistical analysis on it. SAS provides a graphical presentation also you can provide any type of graph easily you can at the tip of your cursor at the tip of your cursor wherever whichever graph you want it. Click user interface for non-technical users and more through the SAS language they are using the SAS language C language soft SAS programs have a data steps which retrieve the data see here this image from the dustbin excel images old files all I am recovering this is called a retrieve sometimes what happen it is not also even in the dustbin it eliminates from the dustbin also okay in such a case also you can collect the data okay retrieve the data manipulation of the data you want to manipulate anything data you can manipulate you can analyze the data see these SAS programs are wonderful it makes a wonder these are the release date various versions 72 76 79.5 all these need not to be right in the examination release date. First release is the 1972 January. Now all the versions are changed here. Six version, four is there, five, six, seven, eight. Now at present nine is running. This is the latest one. That's why I put a star marker. First one is important. Star marker. Last one is important. You have to write in the examination. 9.4 M7 August 2020 stats 15.2 version is released. First version 1972 January is released. Seven features are there here in the SAS program. These seven features you have to write in the examination compulsory without fail. Strong data analytical ability, very powerfully it analyze the data. Number 2, Flexible 4th Generation Programming Language. See you know Computer Language, Mission Language, Human Language, Animal Language, various languages are there. Okay, here this is a Flexible 4th Generation Programming Language. Anybody can understand any system, even mobile phone also can understand this language. SAS Studio is there, just like a YouTube Studio. YouTube is different, YouTube Studio is different. YouTube Studio, you can upload videos, everything, et cetera, and you can do anything. YouTube Studio, like a SAS Studio will be there. If you want to upload the data, extract the data, download the data, you can use this SAS Studio. Support for various types of data formats. All formats will be suitable. Management of the data, it is one of the biggest features. Report output format. You want to JPEG format, image format, JPEG format, PDF format, Word format, PPT format, PowerPoint presentation, output format, however you want, you will get it. Very easy. Need not to be typed, need not to be copied. Data encryption algorithms. Algorithms also you can perform with the help of statistics. Overview of the SAS data step. First three phases are there. First phase is a compile phase. Look at the syntax. First one, syntax is nothing but a set of rules. Null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis comes under the syntax. It's a compilation phase. Next is execution phase. You have to read the data, calculate the data. Yeah, parametric test, non-parametric test, like that. Output phase, what is your real outcome? You can create the data set in the form of a table, in the form of a graph, okay? These three phases are very important. You have to write in the examination, I'll tell you very straight. What is the syntax? This is the syntax, water tank, not this syntax. Everybody's syntax means first of all, our brain will go to this one. Okay, this is not what the syntax. Syntax can be defined as a set of rules, principles and processes preside over the structuring of the sentences in any given language. Syntax defines the rules like what I have told no main rules are alternative hypothesis null hypothesis or the syntax in the and compilation phase, these are the two points execution phase what you are executing the here compiling, compiling means you are preparing here execute means you have to execute something presentation like this is called execution. Declarative statements processed and syntax errors are identified there is a process of defining the variables and functions only definition no value assignments here execution process each executable statement sequentially. There is a process of assigning the values to variables and functions. You are assigning that this point is very, very important. Assigning the values to the variables in the execution phase. Yeah. See in the SAS is a six months program. It is not in one day you cannot learn in one video you cannot learn. Daily is eight to nine hours. You have to go to computer center and you have to sit there, OK, and you have to learn the SAS data six months. Within 60 minutes of video, 30 minutes of video, you cannot get. Only introduction, what is SAS like that, you will get. The same thing in the more than enough for your syllabus. They will not ask much more details in the examination. The SAS software has more than 200 components. Some of the SAS components includes the base SAS. This you have to write in the examination, 200 are there. I am giving only the important things that you have to write, base SAS, basic procedures, and data management. SAS stats, see name itself indicates this SAS mainly deals with the statistics analysis. SAS graph, graphics and presentation of the this SAS. SAS OR, if you want to do a research you can use the SAS OR. SAS ETS econometrics and the time series analysis. ETS, you can see ETS. SAS IML Interactive Matrix Language Application Facility AFSAS like that each one is a separate program see first one is a BASAS know see here this is a BASAS. If you go for interview after learning they will ask the BASAS what is a BASAS? SAS basic procedure. That's why it is called a basic procedure and data management. And this is the second one is a SAS STAT. Here you can see SAS STAT software, statistical modeling, working, importance, application, system required. It is a separate package. You have to learn like that. Next is SAS QC, quality control. You can use. It's a very important for pharmacy students, SAS QC, especially for quality assurance, quality control, both. SAS Insight, data mining. I have already told no, this is a insight. Insight, it go to iron ore and just like say, you have a huge data, you are going to be digging. And the clinical trials, PH, very, very important for form D students, SAS-PH, Clinical Trial Analysis. You can learn this software after completion of your fourth year or fifth year. The fifth year itself, you can start learning of SAS-PH. Clinical trial, it will be used. Whenever you will enter in the future clinical trials department, it will be helpful, okay? It will be some added advantage, added weightage for your resume. Enterprise Miner, Data Mining, Enterprise Guide, and SAS EBI, Suite of Business Intelligency, SAS Grid Manager, and SAS Applications. Four are there, SAS Applications. First one is Multivariate Analysis, Business Intelligence, Predictive Analysis, Creating a safe drug, it is related to pharmacy. Creating a safe drugs and the clinical research and forecasting, like that four are there. Each one, we'll read one. First one, multivariate analysis. These all these you have to write in the examination compulsory. A person wishes to suppose you are working in a company, you are started manufacturing of a production of paracetamol tablets. You want raw paracetamol, you want to purchase the paracetamol. From where you have to purchase 50 suppliers are there. From 50 suppliers, different prices, different quality, different discounts, okay? Different flexibility for payment of the amount. All these data, you had been put in the software. software, 50, what they are providing a discount, how much 10% extra, 20% extra, how much they are giving extra paracetamol, raw material, like that. A person wishes to buy a stock in a bulk paracetamol, he would be, various factors like price, quality, discount, quality, quantity, multivariate, this is called a multivariate analysis. Number of factors you have to consider before purchase. How much advance you have to pay? Either 50% you have to pay advance, 100% you have to pay advance. How much you want to pay? And margin, one week they will give Paracetamol. Some companies, they will give you very less price, but it takes one year to give. What is the use of it? Very less price, Paracetamol. But after one year, they will deliver it. Like that, okay? It detects and analyze the way. All this variability, you can be checking. Check this multivariate analysis. you have to write this example in the examination. Business intelligency, I told no? Now in the State Bank of India, who is taking decision? Not the MD, Managing Director, okay? Artificial intelligence, one robo is there, that is taking the decision, either to increase the deposits, interest rate, et cetera, and how much duration has to give, how to increase any insurances, and all it is taking. That is called a business intelligence, artificial intelligence. It refers to the strategies, technologies used in any point. It provides insights of regarding the predictive reporting. Last point, data mining, process mining, complex event processing, benchmarking, and predictive analysis. You can predict. Here you can see that in a company, example, see, so that you can understand. In a company, the trend in a sale of product A has been a constant over the years. So it suggests a non-changing demand of the product because sale is constant for years together, product A. Why we have to change that trend again? No, we continue the A. But product B with changing demand, demand is there from customers to change the product B. Every month it analyzes all the factors causing the variation by hidden inferences in the text, customer through the, throughout the process, thought process, okay. That enough so that you can predict future sale, how much it will be there. And this is our pharmacy related, creating a safe drugs. Research, if you want to create a safest drug, you can use this data, like drug receptor interaction. You have a huge molecules with you and you have a huge receptors one side, all the data you can put in the SAS. So automatically you can find which method gave good result like that, which drug is best, which molecule will have a in future good like that. Diagnosis and prognosis are very critical element of the medicine. They should always be very precise and accurate. SAS has played a revolutionary role in the field of medicine. Okay, it uses a clinical decision making support system. It is monitor whether the patients are at risk or not. For pharmacy students, this is very important. Doctors even use to find it a little chances of improvement in the condition of patient. Doctors also using now SAS. Okay, they will enter all the data of the critical conditions of the patients and they will put that, okay. So I will end my session here. not much more than required for your examinations. Okay, so check my playlist. I have kept all in a subject wise. Thank you.