Speaker 1: Hi, everyone. I'm Mrs. Mahmood, and in today's lesson, we are going to keep on exploring complex sentences. So yesterday, we had part one of this lesson. Today, we're going to complete our lesson with part two. And for this lesson, you definitely need a pen and a paper. So can you quickly go and grab yourself some, please? Let's begin our lesson. Are we ready? Brilliant. So in today's lesson, our aim, again, is to be able to recognize and use complex sentences. And today, we're going to look at and use the relative pronouns, relative adverbs, to create relative clauses. And you should be able to write your own complex sentences using relative clauses and subordinate clauses. Okay. Now, look at creating complex sentences by using relative clauses today. Yesterday, we looked at subordinating conjunctions and subordinate clauses. And today, we're going to look at the relative clauses. So if you missed yesterday's lesson, I'm going to post a link of that video at the end of this lesson. So please make sure that you do have a look at that lesson as well, so you can understand the whole thing a bit better. So what are relative clauses? And relative clauses are a different type of dependent clause that give more detail about the subject of the main clause. Relative clauses begin with a relative pronoun or a relative adverb. And here are some of the most common examples. So we have who, which, whose, whom, that, and where. So these are the most common examples. Now, can you spot the relative clause in this sentence? I'm going to read the sentence as soon as you spot it. Can you shout out for me, please? Are we ready? So the sentence goes, Mysterious Malcolm, who is a children's entertainer, bows his audiences with his magic tricks. What did you say? Oh, brilliant. Excellent. So here, who is a children's entertainer in the middle is your relative clause. Now, the relative clause describes the mysterious Malcolm in more detail. And when a relative clause is embedded in the middle, as you can see this one here, we surround it with commas. So we have a comma before we started the relative clause, and we had the comma after we finished the relative clause. So again, a quick recap of the more common examples. We have who, which, whose, whom, that, and where. And these should help you to identify your relative clause. Let's see. Are we ready for the next sentence? Ready? Here it goes. The astronaut bounded towards the space buggy, which had been parked in a crater. Oh, you're too fast. You were so quick this time. Brilliant. Well done. So your relative clause here was, which had been parked in a crater. Brilliant. Now, the relative clause describes the space buggy in more detail in this sentence. And when a relative clause is dependent on the main clause, we add a comma to demarcate it from the rest of the sentence, as you can see here. Brilliant. Now, it's your turn to add a relative clause to this main clause to create a complex sentence. And remember some of these examples. Okay, brilliant. So my first main clause is, Tim Peake is a famous British astronaut. Can you complete this sentence by adding a relative clause? Turn it into a complex sentence. Can you do it? I'm sure you can. To add all of the correct punctuation. Type your answer in the comment section down below. Brilliant. Let's move on to the next sentence. The house on the hill remained unsold. So this is my main clause. I would like you to add a relative clause to it. And don't forget to tell me your answer in the comment section down below. Brilliant. Now, what we're going to do is we're going to play this little game. And for this game, I'm going to have a couple of pictures in the next few slides. And what I'm going to do is I'm going to spin the spinner so that we have a particular subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun to use within a complex sentence about a specific picture. So for example, if the spinner landed on as, and this was my picture, I could make a sentence like something like this. As the children marched through the misty woods, they saw a light shining from a mysterious building. Okay. So are we ready? Brilliant. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to spin this spinner. And wherever my spinner lands, you have to use that word to try and make a complex sentence for this picture. Are we ready? Shall I spin? Oh, let's see. Brilliant. So your word is who. Now, is this a word that we use for relative clauses? Or is it a word that we use for subordinate clauses? And I wonder what sentence do you come up with? I can't wait to see your sentences. Remember to type your sentences in the comment section down below. Brilliant. Shall I give you one more for this picture? Let's begin. So my next word is when. Oh, let's see. Brilliant. You can pause the video here, finish writing your sentence, and when you're ready, you can play it again. So this is my next picture. Oh, wow. Look at that. Awesome. So I'm going to, the rules are still the same. I'm going to spin the spinner. And what you have to do is you have to write your complex sentence about this picture now using whatever word we land on. So your first word is until. So it's quiz time now. So what I would like you to do for this quiz is I'm going to read you a few sentences. And what you have to do is you have to tell me which of these examples are complex sentences. So shall we begin? My first sentence is, giraffes have very long necks which they use to their advantage to reach tall trees. Okay, the next sentence is, the alien approached the spaceship so the crew gasped. Our next sentence is, before lunch, Casey cycled into town. And finally, before his grandma arrived, Billy frantically tidied his bedroom. So which sentences are complex sentences? I'm going to give you some thinking time. Let's put our thinking caps on. Switch our literacy brains on as well. And let's see. Hmm. What did you say? Oh, brilliant. Excellent. Brilliant. Excellent. These were our answers. Well done. The first one here says, giraffes have very long necks which they use to their advantage to reach tall trees. And this is a complex sentence because it has used a relative clause here, which they use, the rest of it. And in the second sentence, we have the subordinating conjunction at the beginning here, which is before and the subordinate clause at the beginning, which is before his grandma arrived. So therefore, these two sentences are our complex sentences. Well done. Excellent. Give yourself a big pat on your back for taking part in this lesson. You have been brilliant. Make sure that you remember to submit your answers in the comment section down below and let me know how did you get on. Remember to give this video a big thumbs up. Share it. Stay safe. Think positive. Be happy and keep learning. Bye.